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- $Unique_ID{BRK04176}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Restless Legs Syndrome}
- $Subject{Restless Legs Syndrome Ekbom syndrome Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome
- Anxietas Tibialis Hereditary Acromelalgia }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1991 National Organization for Rare
- Disorders, Inc.
-
- 288:
- Restless Legs Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Restless Legs Syndrome) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Ekbom syndrome
- Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome
- Anxietas Tibialis
- Hereditary Acromelalgia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Restless Legs Syndrome is a hereditary neurological disorder
- characterized by unusual sensations felt in the legs, usually at night.
- These feelings cause the patient to constantly move the feet and legs in
- order to relieve the unbearable sensations. The disorder can be hereditary
- or it may be a complication of alcoholism, iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy,
- or diabetes.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Attacks of Restless Legs syndrome usually begin when the person's legs are at
- rest, such as when going to bed or sitting still. Deep discomfort occurs
- between the knee and the ankle. Aching and a sensation of crawling
- (paresthesias) in the legs occur. Sudden muscle jerks (myoclonic jerks) may
- also take place. Myoclonic jerks occur in many healthy people just before
- they fall asleep, but in people with Restless Legs Syndrome they can occur
- more frequently and while the person is wide awake.
-
- The aching and crawling sensations in the legs of people with this
- syndrome precipitate constant movement of legs and feet in order to relieve
- the uncomfortable feelings. It is difficult to fall asleep as a result of
- these symptoms, and once asleep the patient can be awakened by the symptoms.
-
- Like many neurological disorders, psychological stress can exacerbate
- symptoms.
-
- Causes
-
- Restless Legs Syndrome can be a type of "neuropathy" which is a malfunction
- of peripheral nerves. (For more information on neuropathy, choose
- "neuropathy" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.) The syndrome
- is often associated with chronic alcoholism, iron deficiency anemia,
- pregnancy, or diabetes. Some scientists suggest that Restless Legs Syndrome
- may reflect a mild defect in the way sleep is organized by the brain. In
- about one-third of cases, this disorder is inherited as an autosomal dominant
- trait.
-
- Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother. In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease
- gene (received from either the mother or father) will be expressed
- "dominating" the normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The
- risk of transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50%
-
- Affected Population
-
- Onset of Restless Legs syndrome usually occurs during adolescence, and in
- people of both sexes. The syndrome is usually chronic. It often occurs in
- people with alcoholism, anemia, diabetes, or women who are pregnant.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Myoclonus is shock-like contractions of muscles, or a group of muscles. These
- jerky movements sometimes can be precipitated by loud noises or sudden
- lights. (For more information on this disorder, choose "myoclonus" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome is symptomatic. Sometimes relief can be
- obtained through the application of cold compresses. The anticonvulsant drug
- clonazepam, the anticonvulsant and analgesic drug carbamazepine, and low
- doses of a combination of L-dopa and carbidopa have been reported to be
- effective in treating this disorder in some patients. If the disorder is
- inherited, genetic counseling may be of help to patients and their families.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Research on Restless Legs Syndrome is being conducted by Drs. Arthur Walters
- and Wayne Hening. Physicians may contact them at:
-
- Dept. of Neurology, CN 19 UMDNJ
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
- New Brunswick, NJ 18903
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- February 1991. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Restless Legs Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Restless Legs Syndrome Support Group
- 806 River Rd.
- Orange Park, FL 32073
- (904) 264-5712
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 6th ed: Victor A. McKusick, ed.; Johns Hopkins
- University Press (1983), p. 11.
-
- HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL HEALTH LETTER: RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME: (August
- 1987, Vol. 12, No. 10). P. 2-3.
-
-